REVIEW
Introdução: A trombectomia mecânica consolidou-se como uma das intervenções terapêuticas mais inovadoras e eficazes no manejo do acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) isquêmico. Embora amplamente incorporada às diretrizes internacionais, sua aplicação na prática neurocirúrgica requer maior discussão, especialmente diante da evolução contínua das indicações e tecnologias associadas. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) entre 2015 e 2025, com busca de dados clínicos, eficácia, comparação entre os métodos e evidências normativas. Resultados: Os achados reforçam a trombectomia mecânica como padrão-ouro no manejo do AVC isquêmico, evidenciando sua eficácia em diversos perfis populacionais e ressaltando a importância da atuação multiprofissional para sua execução segura e eficiente. Discussão: Embora a trombectomia mecânica represente um avanço significativo no tratamento do AVC isquêmico, persistem desafios relacionados à capacitação de profissionais, acessibilidade ao procedimento e integração entre neurologistas e neurocirurgiões. Conclusão: a trombectomia mecânica representa uma das mais expressivas inovações no tratamento do AVC isquêmico agudo. Contudo, sua aplicação prática ainda enfrenta barreiras relacionadas à acessibilidade, à capacitação técnica e à integração entre especialidades médicas, especialmente no contexto da neurocirurgia.
Introduction: Mechanical thrombectomy has stablished itself as one of the most innovative and effective therapeutic interventions in the management of ischemic stroke. Although widely incorporated into international guidelines, its application in neurosurgical practice requires further discussion, especially given the continuous evolution of indications and associated technologies. Methods: A systematic review was conducted on PubMed, SciELO and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases between 2015 and 2025, searching for clinical data, efficacy, comparison between methods and normative evidence. Results: The findings further support mechanical thrombectomy as the gold-standard intervention for the management of acute ischemic stroke, demonstrating its effectiveness across diverse patient populations and underscoring the critical role of multidisciplinary team-based care to ensure its safe and efficient implementation. Discussion: Although mechanical thrombectomy represents a significant advance in the treatment of ischemic stroke, challenges remain related to the training of professionals, accessibility to the procedure and integration between neurologists and neurosurgeons. Conclusion: mechanical thrombectomy represents one of the most significant innovations in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. However, its practical application still faces barriers related to accessibility, technical training and integration between medical specialties, especially in the context of neurosurgery.
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1Hospital Regional de Presidente Prudente, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
2Faculty of Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista – UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
Received Aug 19, 2025
Accepted Sep 7, 2025
