Malignant Cerebellar Large Cell Lymphoma: case report and systematic review

Resumo

Introdução: os linfomas primários do sistema nervoso central (PSNCL) são considerados do tipo não-Hodgkin sem envolvimento sistêmico. Os fatores de risco incluem infecção viral prévia, disfunção imunológica e história familiar. Nas últimas décadas, sua incidência vem aumentando em indivíduos jovens imunossuprimidos. Metodologia: os autores apresentam um caso raro de paciente com linfoma de grandes células B cerebelar e uma revisão da literatura dos últimos dez anos sobre o assunto, nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO. Relato de caso: relatamos um caso raro de linfoma de grandes células B cerebelar em paciente jovem com HIV/AIDS durante sua internação, descrevendo as ações tomadas pela equipe de Neurocirurgia do Hospital das Clínicas de Marília. Discussão: o PSNCL constitui uma condição rara, na qual o envolvimento infratentorial tem sido descrito em poucos casos no mundo, apresentam um alto grau de malignidade, altas taxas de recorrência e sobrevida muito baixa, quando não tratado. Conclusão: devido ao aumento da incidência e à natureza altamente agressiva desses tumores, o diagnóstico precoce é necessário. Os autores relatam que mesmo com esforços da equipe multidisciplinar e rapidez nas ações tomadas conforme intercorrências surgiam, não foi possível aumentar a sobrevida no caso relatado.

Palavras-chave

Linfoma de células B cerebelar; Neoplasia primária cerebelar

Abstract

Introduction: primary CNS lymphomas are considered non-Hodgkin type, involving the nervous system without systemic involvement.

Risk factors include prior viral infection, immune dysfunction, and family history. In recent decades, its incidence has been increasing in young immunosuppressed individuals. Methodology: the authors present a rare case of a patient with cerebellar large B-cell lymphoma and a literature review from the last ten years on the subject, in the PubMed and SciELO databases. Case report: we report a rare case of cerebellar large B-cell lymphoma in a young patient with HIV/AIDS reported during hospitalization, describing the actions taken by the neurosurgery team at Hospital das Clínicas de Marília according to surgical complications, as well as the patient stage. Discussion: PCNSL constitute a rare condition, in which infratentorial involvement has been described in few cases in the world. They have a high degree of malignancy and high recurrence rates. If left untreated, life expectancy is very low. Conclusion: due to the increasing incidence in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients and the highly aggressive nature of these tumors, early diagnosis is necessary. The authors report that even teamwork with infectious diseases, intensive care and pathology were not

able to increase survival in the reported case.

Keywords

Cerebellar B-cell lymphoma; Cerebelar primary neoplasm

References

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Malignant Cerebellar Large Cell Lymphoma: case report and systematic review

Linfoma Maligno de Grandes Células Cerebelar: relato de caso e revisão sistemática

Resumo

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Abstract

Keywords

References

JBNC Brazilian Journal of Neurosurgery

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